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Shiseikai Shotokan-Ryu Karate practises  several forms of kumite (engagement or sparring) necessary for the development of karate as a martial art.

As a student progresses in his/her development of karate they will encounter the following four stages of kumite development, being examined and expected to show competency in each.

Basic One Step Sparring  Kihon-Ippon Kumite:

The attacker first announces his/her intention, then moves forward with 'intent' towards the opponent with only one step per attack. The attacks include face and body punches, snap and thrust kicks to the body. Each attack is executed twice. 

The defender must take a single step backwards with an appropriate technique to deflect each attack, followed immediately by a counter attack to signify the gaining of control of the bout from the attacker. I.e. snatching victory at the last minute, essentially from the very jaws of defeat.

The added feature of this Kumite is that because each attack is delivered the same way twice, the defender must block/deflect and counter twice; but only the first defense may utilise a basic technique. The second defense and counter technique must be a non-basic, almost "free-style" technique that must be equally effective. The purpose of this is to assist in the transition between structured Yakusoku Kumite (agreement sparring), and the ability to apply free-style techniques in real defense situations.

Semi-Free One Step          Jiyu-Ippon Kumite: 

This form of Kumite allows the use of 'free stance', and does not specify the particular restrictions in distance, posture, timing etc as seen in Kihon Ippon Kumite. 

The attacker first announces his/her attack then purposely moves forward towards his opponent with only one step per attack. The attacks include face and body punches, snap and thrust kicks to the body and one roundhouse snap kick to the head.

Each attack is again done twice, using both left and right hands and feet. The defender must deflect or otherwise foil the attack using appropriate techniques, followed immediately by (or executed simultaneously with) a counter attack technique to signify the snatching of control of the bout from the attacker. 

The purpose for this is to further the a transition between basic, structured Kumite, and the ability to apply free-style techniques to real defense situations. 

Free Sparring          Jiyu Kumite: 

There is no formal requirement for attack or defence. This may include any appropriate techniques without warning or acknowledgement. This may also include any appropriate defense and counter-attack. Of course, for the purpose of training, grading or competition, self-control to avoid contact is still very important to prevent injuries. 

Jissen Sparring          Jissen no kata (extreme real fight) 

This is performed at a faster and more intense pace than other more basic forms of sparring. There can be multiple techniques, take-downs and groundwork executed at a very fast pace, as such, the performance is very intense and may resemble a "to the death" engagement. Of course, for the purposes of training, grading, or competition, contact self-control to avoid contact is still very important to avoid injury prevent injuries.
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